Neoliberalism, economic performance and labor markets in Latin America: a comparative approach
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: To identify the central premises of neoliberalism and its impact on economic and employment areas. To detect fluctuations in informal employment, unemployment and unionization in Latin America since the 80’s in order to critically analyze and evaluate the results of neoliberal policies in the region.
Methodology: Documentary research was carried out on neoliberalism and its main foundations, which was complemented by quantitative research focused on the longitudinal analysis of statistical data generated by international agencies to detect the levels of informal employment, unemployment and unionization in Latin America. We selected a group of 11 countries in Latin America to identify convergences and divergences.
Results: There is a significant divergence in economic performance and characteristics of labor markets amongst the countries examined as evidence. However, economic slowdown Anfora 35. is evident since 1980. Mexico ranks near the bottom in economic growth in the 2000’s.Brazil and Chile have shown a remarkable economic growth in the neoliberal period, although social inequality is still significant. The highest urban unemployment is in Colombia and in countries with unemployment insurance, such as Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Argentina is the most unionized country in the region.
Conclusions: Although most countries in Latin America have implemented a neoliberal economic model since the late 70’s, it still lags behind in economic performance and in the creation of well-paying jobs. However, the differences that were found did not allow us to establish a direct relationship between neoliberalism, economic performance and labor markets.
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Article Details
Neoliberalism, Latin American Labor Markets, Trade Unionism.
Cardoso, A. (2004). Industrial relations, social dialogue and employment in Argentina,Brazil and Mexico. Employment Strateg y Papers.
Campbell, R. et al (2003). Economía laboral. España: McGraw Hill.
Celhay, P. y Gil, D. (2007). Sindicalización y negociación colectiva. Informe de apoyo para Consejo de Trabajo y Equidad.
CEPAL (2004). Anuario estadístico de América Latina y el Caribe. Santiago de Chile.
CEPAL (2008). Anuario estadístico de América Latina y el Caribe. Santiago de Chile.
CEPAL (2012). Anuario estadístico de América Latina y el Caribe. Santiago de Chile.
Cook, M. L. (2002). Labor reform and dual transitions in Brazil and the Southern cone. Latin American Politics and Society, 44(1), 1-34.
Cook, M. L. (1998). Toward Flexible Industrial Relations? Neoliberalism, Democracy, and Labor Reform in Latin America. Industrial Relations, 37(3), 311-336.
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC, (2000). Preliminary overview of the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2000. Santiago de Chile: United Nations – CEPAL – ECLAC.
Gamble, A. (2001). Neo-liberalism. Capital and Class, (75), 127-34.
Gamble, A. (2000). Politics and fate. Cambridge: Polity Press.
González, F. E. (2008). Dual transitions from authoritarian rule: institutionalized regimes in Chile and Mexico, 1970-2000. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hague, R., y Harrop, M. (2007). Comparative government and politics. London: MacMillan.
Harvey, D. (2005). A brief history of neoliberalism. Oxford: University Press.
Heywood, A. (2007). Politics. London - New York: Palgrave.
Hirst, P. y G. T. (2003). The future of globalization. En Michie, J. (2003). The handbookof globalization. UK-USA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) (2012). Recuperado de: http://www.imf.org/external/index.htm octubre de 2012.
Kirby, P. (2003). Introduction to Latin America: twenty-first century challenges. London: Sage.
ILO. (1998). World labor report 1997-1998. Geneva: International labor organization.
MacLeod, D. (2005). Privatization and the limits of state autonomy in Mexico. Rethinking the orthodox paradox. Latin American Perspectives, 32(4), 36-64.
OIT (2000). Informe sobre el trabajo en el mundo 2000. Ginebra, Suiza: OIT.
OIT (2002). Panorama Laboral 2002, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
OIT (2007). Panorama Laboral 2007, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
OIT (2008). Panorama Laboral 2008, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
OIT (2009). Panorama Laboral 2009, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
OIT (2010). Panorama Laboral 2010, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
OIT (2011). Panorama Laboral 2011, América Latina y el Caribe. Perú: Oficina Internacional del Trabajo.
Robinson, W. (2004). Global crisis and Latin America. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 23(2), 135-153.
Saad-Filho, A. (2005). From Washington Consensus to post-Washington Consensus: Neoliberal agendas for economic development. En A. Saad-Filho. Neoliberalism: a critical reader (pp. 113-119). London: Pluto Press.
Saad-Filho, A. (2005). Neoliberalism: a critical reader. London: Pluto press.
Stallings, B. y Peres, W. (2000). Growth, employment and equity. The impact of the economic reforms in Latin American and Caribbean. Washington: Economic Commission for
Latin American and Caribbean, Brookings Institution Press.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2008). Handbook of Statistics, 2008. United Nations.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2011). Handbook of Statistics, 2011. United Nations.
Visser, J. (2003). Unions and unionism around the world. En Schnabel y Adison (2003).
International Handbook of Trade Unions. Edward Elgar: Cheltenham.
Weyland, K. (2004). Critical debates. Neoliberalism and democracy in Latin America: a mixed record. Latin American Politics & Society, 46(1), 135-157.
Williamson, O. (2000). What should the World Bank think about the Washington consensus? World Bank Research Observer, 15(2), 251-264.
López-Calva, L. F., y Lustig, N. (2010). Declining Inequality in Latin America: A Decade of Progress? Brookings Inst. Press.
Once the manuscript is approved, the authors should file and sign the Right Transfer Format.
