Refugiados climáticos
De su reconocimiento a la invocabilidad del principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30854/anf.v32.n59.2025.1140Palabras clave:
Refugiados climáticos, Principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada, Cambio climático, Refugiados, Movilidad humanaResumen
En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de un ejercicio reflexivo acerca de la posibilidad de invocar el principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada en la búsqueda de soluciones a la crisis de los refugiados climáticos. Objetivo: establecer unas pautas de discusión sobre la necesidad de invocar el principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada de los países desarrollados, que son los principales causantes del cambio climático, respecto a los países más vulnerables a las variaciones climáticas o al aumento del nivel del mar. Metodología: el ejercicio reflexivo se enmarcó desde el análisis documental de información en bases de datos especializadas, logrando construir un nicho citacional en tres niveles: in-degree, out-degree y betweenness sobre temáticas relacionadas con los ‘refugiados climáticos’ o la ‘responsabilidad ambiental’ entre otros temas muy concretos. Resultados: El entendimiento de la problemática humanitaria que representan los refugiados ambientales, y un acercamiento al principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada, posibilitó un escenario reflexivo y propositivo acerca de las condiciones de invocabilidad del principio, sustentadas en la situación privilegiada que tienen hoy los países desarrollados gracias al proceso de expansión económica y la degradación ambiental ocasionada por sus industrias. Conclusiones: la crisis de los refugiados climáticos amerita la invocabilidad del principio de responsabilidad común pero diferenciada, ante la falta de compromiso de la comunidad internacional de extender el estatus de refugiado a esta población vulnerable.
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